Dynamics of Flooding in the Oued Lahdar Basin: Environmental and Human Impacts, and Management Strategies (Upper Inaouène, Morocco)

Abstract

The Oued Lahdar, located in the Rif mountain range in Morocco and part of the Oued Inaouène watershed, is frequently affected by floods due to natural factors such as heavy rainfall and rugged terrain, as well as human activities like deforestation and unplanned urbanization. A methodology combining the analysis of both natural and human factors was adopted, using modern geographic tools to identify at-risk areas. The analysis revealed that floods severely impact the infrastructure and economic activities of the basin. The study recommends urgent measures, such as the construction of dams, improvement of infrastructure, reforestation, and the implementation of an early warning system, while also raising awareness among residents about environmental protection.